Anti-endomysium and anti-reticulin IgA antibodies

Celiac disease (visceral disease) is an inflammatory enteropathy of the intestine of the small intestine with an immunological basis, caused by the consumption of gluten, occurring in genetically predisposed individuals. Its occurrence is influenced by genetic, environmental, infectious factors, immunological and metabolic. The primary method of treatment celiac disease is the use of a gluten-free diet, which consists of the absolute elimination from food of products containing gluten. The occurrence of clinical symptoms of celiac disease (both on the part of the gastrointestinal tract as well as on the part of other organs) should be the signal to begin diagnosis of celiac disease and thus to perform serological tests for the presence of antibodies typical in celiac disease. Due to differences in the sensitivity and specificity of tests of individual markers, it is recommended that, for greater accuracy assessment to perform two tests together, for example, determination of antibodies against reticulin and against endomysium. Serological diagnosis is the initial step in the diagnosis of celiac disease. Testing should be performed in individuals presenting symptoms of celiac disease and remaining on a diet containing gluten. The antibodies determined are specific for celiac disease and their presence in the blood significantly increases the probability of detecting the disease, however, their absence does not excludes celiac disease. In individuals with deficiency of total IgA, the results of the antibodies determined in this class may be falsely negative.